![]() įungal phytopathogens have caused severe symptoms, including leaf and pod spots, leaf blight, rust, and root-rot. Losses in productivity and quality have commonly reached as high as 60% due to biotic and abiotic stresses. However, its production faces many challenges, including pests and diseases, that are related to various bacteria, fungi, nematodes and insects, as well as abiotic stresses, e.g., salinity, drought, and heat. Growing beans can improve the soil properties and reduce the nitrogen fertilization due to the plant’s characteristic of N-fixation, which increases the soil fertility. The common bean is rich in protein (22%), dietary fiber, fat, and carbohydrates (62%), and the plant contains valuable phytochemicals and antioxidants, as well as acceptable levels of various vitamins and minerals. Total harvested area is 34.8 million ha year −1, which produces about 27.5 million tons year −1. The common bean is the third most important food legume worldwide, after soybean and peanut. Brazil and Mexico are the largest producers with productions of 495,100 and 373,750 MT per year, respectively. is one of the superior leguminous vegetables worldwide and is used for green pod and dry seed consumption. Further studies are needed to better understand the mechanisms and how different nano-materials could be used against phytopathogens. This work suggests the potential of nanoparticles as alternatives to fungicides. Our current study is the first to report that the selected nano-minerals are real alternatives to chemical fungicides for controlling A. In addition, nano-Se significantly increased the enzymatic capacity (i.e., CAT, POX, PPO) and antioxidant activity in the leaves. As compared to the negative control (no treatment), leaf weight increased by 38.3%, the number of leaves per plant by 25.7%, chlorophyll A by 24%, chlorophyll B by 17.5%, and total dry seed yield by 30%. ![]() There were no significant differences among nano-Se, the combined application, and the fungicide treatment (positive control). The field study showed that nano-Se and the combined application of nano-Se and nano-SiO 2 significantly decreased the disease severity of A. ![]() alternata mycelial growth, followed by the combined applications (Se + SiO 2 at half doses) with an efficacy rate of 77.8%. The in vitro study showed that 100 ppm nano-Se had an efficacy rate of 85.1% on A. The engineered Se and SiO 2 nanoparticles were compared to a traditional fungicide and a negative control with no treatment, and experiments were repeated during two successive seasons in fields and in vitro. The current study investigated whether nano-selenium (nano-Se) and nano-silica (nano-SiO 2) could be used against the leaf spot disease caused by Alternaria alternata in a common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.). There is an urgent need to reduce the intensive use of chemical fungicides due to their potential damage to human health and the environment. ![]()
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |
AuthorWrite something about yourself. No need to be fancy, just an overview. ArchivesCategories |